The Ultimate Custom Apparel Manufacturing Glossary
lightbulbQuick Answer
The custom apparel industry uses a specialized vocabulary to define technical standards and production processes. Terms like GSM (Grams per Square Meter), Tech Pack (engineering blueprint), Sublimation (digital printing), and MOQ (Minimum Order Quantity) are the foundation of manufacturing communication. Understanding these terms is essential for effective collaboration between brands and factories.
Effective communication is the key to a successful manufacturing project. However, the apparel industry is filled with technical jargon that can be confusing for newcomers. To help you speak the language of the factory floor, we have compiled this glossary of essential terms.
A-G: The Foundations
- Bar-Tack: A series of tight zigzag stitches used to reinforce stress points like pockets or belt loops.
- BOM (Bill of Materials): A complete list of all raw materials (fabric, thread, buttons, zippers) needed for a garment.
- CMT (Cut, Make, Trim): A manufacturing model where the client provides the fabric and the factory provides the labor.
- Dye Sublimation: A printing process that uses heat to transfer dye into fabric fibers, creating a permanent, breathable design.
- GSM (Grams per Square Meter): The standard unit of measurement for fabric weight and density.
H-P: Technical Specs
- Interlock: A double-knit fabric that is thicker and more stable than a single jersey, often used for high-performance sportswear.
- Lead Time: The total time from order confirmation to the product leaving the factory.
- MOQ (Minimum Order Quantity): The smallest number of units a factory will produce for a specific design.
- Pattern Grading: The process of scaling a master pattern into different sizes (S, M, L, XL, etc.).
- PPS (Pre-Production Sample): The final prototype sent to the client for approval before bulk production begins.
For a deeper dive into the production pipeline, see our Manufacturing Process Guide.
Q-Z: Quality and Business
- SAH (Standard Allowed Hours): The time it takes a skilled worker to complete a specific task under standard conditions.
- SPI (Stitches Per Inch): A measure of stitch density; higher SPI usually indicates a stronger, higher-quality seam.
- Tech Pack: The comprehensive engineering blueprint for a garment, including all technical specifications.
- Wicking: The ability of a fabric to pull moisture away from the skin to the outer surface for rapid evaporation.
Need more clarification on a specific term? Ask our technical team.
Ready to start your custom apparel project?
Contact Vinayaga Garments today for a personalized consultation and a competitive quote for your team or brand.
check_circleKey Takeaways
- starFabric metrics: Understanding GSM, fiber content, and knit structures
- starProduction models: CMT vs. Full-Package manufacturing explained
- starCustomization techniques: Sublimation, Screen Printing, and Embroidery
- starQuality standards: SPI, bar-tacking, and flatlock stitching
- starBusiness terms: MOQs, MCQs, Lead Times, and FOB pricing
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the most important term for a new brand to know?
The 'Tech Pack.' It is the foundation of your entire project and ensures your vision is accurately produced.
What is the difference between a pattern and a tech pack?
A pattern is the physical or digital 'template' for cutting fabric, while a tech pack is the document that contains all instructions, including the pattern.
Does a higher GSM always mean better quality?
Not necessarily. It just means the fabric is heavier. The 'best' GSM depends on the intended use—low GSM for running, high GSM for hoodies.